Assessment of nematicidal efficacy of some biomaterials against Meloidogyne incognita on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt.

Abstract

Plant Parasitic Nematodes (PPN) are regarded as one of the major challenges of sustainable Eggplant production in the world. It is the most significant pests of vegetable crops and is known a root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.). Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is one of the utmost common vegetable crops in Egypt. The present investigation was performed under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the potentials of four biomaterials, LMW Chitosan, Ch-AgNPs, bio pesticide (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ,and phosphite for the control of the nematode M. incognita root-knot disease of eggplant. All treatments reduced (p ≤ 0.05) the nematode population in soil and roots as well as enhanced the plant growth parameters of eggplant remarkably than the control. The applied treatments varied in efficacy against the plant nematode infection in correspondence to the time of application. The recorded results demonstrated that maximum reduction in second stage Juvenile ( J2) in soil, egg mass/root, and egg/egg masses were obtained by treating the soil with Ch-AgNPs followed by biopesticide and LMW Chitosan. In addition, Ch-AgNPs resulted in a high reduction in root galls (77.55%) compared to control treatment (0.0%). The use of plant growth-promoting LMW Chitosan, Ch-AgNPs, biopesticide (Pseudomonas fluorescens), and phosphite achieved efficient control to M. incognita and consequently increased the eggplant growth parameters under greenhouse conditions. The highest PPO activity and total soluble phenol contents values were achieved by phosphite compared with other treatments. The present results suggested introducing such Ch-AgNPs in an integrated nematode management program.

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